La valeur probante des attestations
Auteur | Lida Achtari |
Le 19 juillet 2012 a été adoptée une loi modifiant le Code civil et le Code judiciaire en vue de simplifier les règles qui gouvernent le procès civil. Cette loi insère une nouvelle section Vbis au sujet de la production d’attestations dans le chapitre du Code judiciaire relatif aux preuves.
L’objectif du législateur est de palier à la lenteur et la lourdeur des procédures avec convocation de témoin. Cette nouvelle loi part en outre du constat que la production d’attestations écrites peut souvent suffire à éclairer le juge. Les nouvelles dispositions, inspirées du droit français en la matière, sont destinées à réglementer la production de telles attestations. Il s’agit plus précisément des nouveaux articles 961/1, 961/2 et 962/3 du Code judiciaire.
Ces nouvelles dispositions permettent au juge, lorsque la preuve testimoniale est admissible, de « recevoir de tiers des déclarations, sous forme d’attestation, de nature à l’éclairer sur les faits litigieux dont ils ont personnellement connaissance ». Ces attestations sont produites par les parties ou à la demande du juge et doivent provenir de personnes remplissant les conditions pour être entendues comme témoin. L’attestation contient la relation des faits auxquels son auteur a assisté ou qu’il a personnellement constatés. Elle doit être écrite, datée et signée de la main de son auteur.
Enfin, le juge pourra toujours procéder à l’audition de l’auteur de l’attestation.
Selon les travaux préparatoires, ces dispositions inspirées du droit français devraient recevoir...
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