Suppression inopinée du droit réduit de cession à titre gratuit de la clause bénéficiaire d’un contrat d’assurance-vie en Région wallonne
Auteur | Severine Segier |
Jusqu’il y a peu, la Région wallonne permettait, par une disposition expresse du Code des droits d’enregistrement (art. 131bis CDE) d’enregistrer à un taux réduit (compris entre 3,3 et 7,7 %) une donation du bénéfice de la prestation d’un contrat d’assurance-vie, par la désignation du donataire en tant que bénéficiaire de ce contrat en cas de prédécès de l’assuré. Dans ce cas, le capital stipulé dans le contrat comme devant être versé au bénéficiaire en cas de prédécès de l’assuré, tel qu’existant au jour de la donation, était réputé constituer le bien meuble donné, et était utilisé pour déterminer la base taxable aux droits de donation.
Le nouveau décret, daté du 11 avril 2004 (M.b. 9 mai 2014) qui a supprimé cette possibilité, était en principe destiné à répondre à une critique formulée par la Commission européenne à l’encontre de la réglementation fiscale wallonne qui restreignait considérablement les possibilités de donation à des taux réduits de certains instruments financiers déterminés.
Si ces restrictions ont, certes, disparu suite à la modification décrétale, une disposition souvent utilisée par les contribuables wallons a disparu avec elles, de manière assez inexplicable.
Désormais, pourront être assujetties aux droits réduits de donation, les donations entre vifs de biens meubles (quels qu’ils soient), à l’exception des « donations qui sont affectées d’une condition suspensive devant se réaliser par suite du décès du donateur », c’est-à-dire dont les effets sont suspendus jusqu’au décès du donateur.
Dès lors, ces donations-là, si elles sont enregistrées, ne peuvent en bonne logique plus bénéficier du taux réduit, à défaut désormais de disposition d’exception expresse en ce sens, et doivent dès lors être soumises aux droits de donation au taux ordinaire (qui sont équivalents aux droits de succession… et qui peuvent aller jusqu’à 80% entre étrangers).
Pourtant, en 2010, le législateur décrétal wallon avait explicitement introduit dans la législation décrétale un mécanisme permettant de donner le bénéfice d’un...
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