La rectification de la décision directoriale : une nouvelle voie de recours
Auteur | Severine Segier |
Une toute récente loi du 15 avril 2018 introduit une nouvelle possibilité de recours fiscal pour le contribuable qui a déjà introduit une réclamation, et qui a reçu une décision directoriale ne lui donnant pas entièrement raison.
Jusqu’à présent, si une procédure de réclamation administrative était introduite, et si une décision directoriale était prise quant à cette réclamation, il devenait impossible de poursuivre la procédure administrative, même si des éléments nouveaux survenaient, ou si, pour l’une ou l’autre cause, un accord devenait envisageable alors qu’il ne l’était pas antérieurement.
Une rectification de l’impôt postérieure à la décision directoriale n’était possible que dans les conditions très strictes de la procédure de dégrèvement d’office (qui suppose que le contribuable démontre l’existence d’une erreur matérielle, ou d’un double emploi, par exemple).
Le contribuable était dès lors contraint d’introduire une action en justice, pour éventuellement déposer ensuite des conclusions d’accord sur certains points devenus non litigieux, s’il parvenait à trouver un accord post-décision directoriale avec l’administration fiscale - ce qui n’est pas rare en matière de frais professionnels ou d’évaluation d’avantages en nature par exemple.
Désormais, le contribuable qui a reçu la décision directoriale peut introduire, contre celle-ci, dans un délai de trois mois, une demande de rectification. Cette demande de rectification reste un recours administratif et ne fait pas appel à la voie judiciaire.
Le but est d’ouvrir la voie à une amélioration de la décision préalablement prise, et cette rectification peut porter tant sur des erreurs que sur une appréciation en fait des circonstances du litige. La nouvelle loi ne précise pas que l’administration ne pourrait pas également revenir sur des points de droit ; au contraire, elle prévoit que le fonctionnaire instructeur peut utiliser tous les moyens d’investigation et de preuve à sa disposition dans le cadre d’une réclamation ordinaire, pour rectifier la décision qui serait erronée.
Il s’agit donc d’une sorte de «...
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