Pouvoirs et responsabilités des liquidateurs
Auteur | Michel de Wolf Wolf/Patrick de Wolf Wolf/Pierre Nicaise Nicaise/Laurent Stas de Richelle Richelle |
Occupation de l'auteur | Réviseur d'entreprises/Avocat/Notaire/Avocat |
Pages | 223-224 |
Page 223
Sauf disposition contraire des statuts ou de l'acte de nomination, les liquidateurs disposent de plein droit des pouvoirs énumérés aux articles 186 et 188 du Code, et qui comprennent notamment le droit d'intenter et de soutenir toutes actions, de réaliser les valeurs mobilières, de transiger sur toutes contestations et d'appeler, en fonction des besoins de la liquidation, la partie non encore libérée du capital.
Mais ils ne peuvent aliéner les immeubles que par vente publique, et si la vente est nécessaire pour payer les dettes sociales.
Une autorisation de l'assemblée générale leur est nécessaire pour les actes prévus à l'article 187, notamment poursuivre l'activité, emprunter, aliéner les immeubles de gré à gré, ou faire apport du patrimoine dans d'autres sociétés.
L'article 192 du Code insiste sur le caractère bipolaire de la responsabilité des liquidateurs: envers les tiers d'une part, envers les actionnaires d'autre part.
Les actions contre eux, EN QUALITÉ DE DERNIER ORGANE de la société, se prescrivent par cinq ans à dater de la publication de la clôture de liquidation. Les actions intentées contre eux PERSONNELLEMENT se prescrivent également par cinq ans, mais à dater de la faute commise ou, si elle a été celée par dol, à partir de sa découverte (art. 198).
Conseil pratique
Vu l'importance et l'ambivalence de leurs responsabilités, les liquidateurs n'hésiteront pas à consigner, pendant la durée du délai de prescription, les sommes qui paraissent, à la clôture de liquidation, susceptibles d'être réparties entre les actionnaires, ou en tout cas ne les répartiront que sous réserve de la découverte de dettes inconnues, d'ordre fiscal notamment (voir art. 190). Dans l'acte de clôture de liquidation, il est également prudent de stipuler une clause d'attribution de l'actif inconnu éventuel, de manière à éviter qu'il ne tombe sous le régime des biens vacants.
S'il y a plusieurs liquidateurs, ils forment un collège, qui délibérera donc à l'instar d'un conseil d'administration (art. 184, al. 2). Ils...
Pour continuer la lecture
SOLLICITEZ VOTRE ESSAI- Le Code des SA et SPRL expliqué
- De la dissolution et de la liquidation
- Les hypothéses de dissolution
- La procédure préalable á la dissolution volontaire
- Effets de la dissolution
- Pouvoirs et responsabilités des liquidateurs
- La clóture de liquidation
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