Les outils standards et leur utilisation par les PME
Auteur | Anne Peeters |
Pages | 41-48 |
Page 41
Il existe aujourd'hui une palette d'outils standards en matière de responsabilité sociétale des entreprises. Certains sont destinés spécifiquement aux PME qui doivent faire face à des contraintes particulières.
Des outils standardisés sont utiles dès l'instant où les entreprises et leurs parties prenantes veulent comparer. Les sets d'indicateurs, les modèles de reporting - ou rapportage - et même les outils de diagnostic sont autant d'instruments de comparaison et donc de façons de maximiser les performances des meilleures.
Mais la standardisation a ses contraintes intrinsèques et de nombreuses PME estiment que les outils à disposition ne sont pas toujours adaptés à leur réalité. Les critiques portent notamment sur la lourdeur et sur la nécessité d'assurer des suivis internes. La prise en défaut peut par ailleurs poser des problèmes proportionnellement plus importants pour une PME que pour une grande entreprise.
Page 42
Certains secteurs proposent cependant des modèles de codes de conduite standard souvent au niveau européen, parfois au niveau national ou régional. C'est le cas du textile ou de la construction8. Mais en ce qui concerne l'identification des valeurs de l'entreprise, c'est sans doute les questionnaires proposés notamment par le gouvernement canadien à ses entreprises, par la Commission européenne ou encore le set d'indicateurs de développement durable proposé par l'Union wallonne des Entreprises qui s'avèrent les plus intéressants. Certains doivent sans doute être assortis d'adaptations, mais tous présentent l'intérêt de faciliter le diagnostic de départ et le balisage des actions à entreprendre, des stratégies à mettre en oeuvre et des outils les mieux adaptés à chaque situation.
En Belgique, l'Union wallonne des Entreprises (UWE) propose un set d'indicateurs qui se compose de 15 éléments: cinq dans le domaine économique, cinq dans le domaine environnemental et cinq dans le domaine sociétal. Parallèlement, 22 références sectorielles ont été identifiées. L'auto- évaluation Page 43 permet à l'entreprise qui y recourt d'identifier à quel stade du développement durable de référence de son secteur, elle se trouve. Bien que peu coûteux, cet outil est peu prisé par les entreprises. Des initiatives du même type ont vu le jour un peu partout dans le monde. C'est ainsi qu'au Canada, depuis 2002, les PME peuvent mesurer leur «eco efficacité» sur le site http://strategis.ic.gc.ca de façon gratuite.
L'auto-évaluation...
Pour continuer la lecture
SOLLICITEZ VOTRE ESSAI- Livres et Revues
- Responsabilité Sociale des Enterprises
- Préface
- Introduction
- La responsabilité sociétale des entreprises en Belgique
- La RSE, c'est quoi?
- La RSE: Pour quoi faire?
- Les outils standards et leur utilisation par les PME
- Le rôle des pouvoirs publics et des incitants
- La place des parties prenantes
- RSE: Quels outils et quelles techniques?
- Les outils de communication
- La mise en oeuvre et les indicateurs
- Le benchmarking
- La RSE est-elle une plusvalue pour les PME?
- La rse: Quels moyens?
- Les perspectives
- Glossaire
- Les sources d'information et les ressources
- Bibliographie et nétographie
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