La mise en oeuvre et les indicateurs
Auteur | Anne Peeters |
Pages | 81-94 |
Page 81
Mettre en oeuvre un plan de responsabilité sociétale repose sur la nécessaire conviction que l'entreprise est autant gagnante que la société à procéder de la sorte. Il s'agit avant tout d'une démarche de progrès et c'est bien ainsi qu'elle est déclinée dans une série de normes et de standards comme AA 1000, Global reporting Initiative ou même SA 8000. C'est également l'esprit qui guide la norme ISO 26 000 qui devrait être proposée aux entreprises en 2008.
La norme et le standard peuvent certes paraître lourds aux entreprises et en particulier aux PME. Ils constituent néanmoins des repères importants pour l'entreprise et au même titre que cette dernière se dote de programmes comptables ou d'outils financiers, elle peut recourir aux outils proposés sur le marché comme s'il s'agissait - et c'est bien de cela qu'il s'agit - d'une aide. Nous ne nous étendrons pas sur les outils proposés par le marché. On n'en décrira brièvement ici que Page 82 trois d'entre eux et invitons le lecteur à se référer aux sources, netographie et glossaires de fin d'ouvrage.
Le standard SA 8000 est né aux Etats-Unis dans les années 90 et, garanti par un bureau - conseil constitué par des ONG et des avocats - conseils, il permet de communiquer que l'entreprise qui en bénéficie respecte théoriquement les principes universels habituellement reconnus en matière de droits de l'homme et de droits économiques et sociaux (notamment les principes de base de l'OIT). Cet outil s'est avéré très bien adapté au secteur textile où une forte demande des consommateurs dans le domaine éthique, combiné à un risque important lié à l'implantation d'unités de production dans des pays émergents, a des conséquences importantes sur la qualité sociale et environnementale de la production. Son inconvénient est évidemment le coût lié aux audits. En Belgique, seules trois entreprises ont demandé et obtenu des SA 8000.
Dans le domaine social encore, retenons qu'en Belgique, les entreprises ont la possibilité de solliciter un label social (public) qui garantit que le Page 83 produit concerné est fabriqué dans des conditions respectueuses des principes de base de l'Organisation Internationale du Travail (OIT) tout au long de sa filière de production.
En ce qui concerne les labels, standards et normes plus spécifiquement environnementaux et destinés en l'occurrence aux PME, on citera encore, EASY EMAS. EMAS signifie «Eco - Management and Audit Scheme», management écologique et schéma d'audit. Il s'agit d'un instrument volontaire et européen qui permet d'identifier les entreprises qui améliorent leurs performances...
Pour continuer la lecture
SOLLICITEZ VOTRE ESSAI- Livres et Revues
- Responsabilité Sociale des Enterprises
- Préface
- Introduction
- La responsabilité sociétale des entreprises en Belgique
- La RSE, c'est quoi?
- La RSE: Pour quoi faire?
- Les outils standards et leur utilisation par les PME
- Le rôle des pouvoirs publics et des incitants
- La place des parties prenantes
- RSE: Quels outils et quelles techniques?
- Les outils de communication
- La mise en oeuvre et les indicateurs
- Le benchmarking
- La RSE est-elle une plusvalue pour les PME?
- La rse: Quels moyens?
- Les perspectives
- Glossaire
- Les sources d'information et les ressources
- Bibliographie et nétographie
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