Demander la restitution de la T.V.A. dès l’ouverture de la faillite d’un débiteur défaillant
Auteur | Tristan Krstic |
Tous les assujettis à la T.V.A. connaissent, un jour ou l’autre, le même problème. Outre les inconvénients liés au fait qu’un débiteur ne paye pas une facture, l’assujetti qui a presté des services ou livré des marchandises a dû avancer la T.V.A. qu’il a portée sur sa facture.
Pour pouvoir considérer qu’une créance est totalement irrécouvrable au niveau de l’impôt sur les revenus, il faut en principe attendre la clôture de la liquidation de la faillite ou l’obtention d’une attestation précise du curateur confirmant qu’aucun dividende ne peut être espéré.
Au niveau de la T.V.A., le Code de la T.V.A. prévoit une certaine faveur aux créanciers leur permettant de demander la restitution de la T.V.A. dès la date du jugement déclaratif de faillite (art. 3, 1er tiret de l’AR n° 4). Il ne faut donc attendre ni l’issue de la procédure de faillite, ni l’obtention d’une déclaration d’irrécouvrabilité émanant du curateur pour pouvoir exercer l’action en restitution de la T.V.A. Il n’y a dès lors, en principe, aucune raison d’attendre pour exercer l’action en restitution une fois qu’un débiteur est tombé en faillite. Toutefois, dans l’hypothèse où, par miracle, vous percevez un dividende dans le cadre de la liquidation de la faillite malgré votre qualité de créancier chirographaire (le ca échéant), il ne faudra pas oublier que la T.V.A. sera à nouveau due sur la partie de la créance récupérée.
Dans le cas de l’ouverture d’une procédure de...
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